PTERYGIUM AND
PINGUECULA
Both a pterygium and a pinguecula are growths on the surface of the eye. A common problem in tropical countries like Singapore, they are largely harmless but can occasionally lead to changes in your vision.
What is a Pterygium?
A pterygium is a fleshy, triangular-shaped growth of the conjunctiva (the white part of the front of the eye. Pterygia usually grow slowly, but over time may encroach on the cornea (the clear central part of the eye).
It is more common in the dry, sunny regions of the world, and ultraviolet radiation is thought to be the most likely cause.
Pterygia are usually asymptomatic, although some thicker ones may cause irritation, tearing or frequent red eyes. Some pterygia may also grow towards the centre of the cornea, which can distort the cornea and affect vision. Rarely, a large fleshy pterygium may also cause restriction in the movements of the eyeball.
Although pterygia are common, an assessment by an ophthalmologist would be required if you are considering surgery. You should also have your eyes checked if there is a sudden increase in the size , in order to exclude growths due to ocular cancer.
The only method to remove a pterygium is through surgery. This is typically recommended when it has grown large enough to affect vision or causes problems with the movement of the eye. Surgery is very safe, and the risk of the pterygium recurring is generally very low when performed by an experienced ophthalologist.
What is a Pinguecula?
A pinguecula is a small yellowish-grey lesion at the side of the cornea. Much like a pterygium, it is a growth of the conjunctiva, and likely related to prolonged exposure to sunlight.
It is harmless and does not usually cause any symptoms, although some patients may experience irritation, tearing and redness.
Eyedrops can be prescribed to relieve any occasional irriation and redness. The pingecula can otherwise be left alone, unless it progresses to form a pterygium (as above).